Lab Technician exam questions2022

Lab Technician

Question:

A 78-year-old man developed endocarditis due to a vancomycin-resistant strain of Enterococcus faecalis. What is the molecular basis of resistance of this organism to vancomycin?

Options:

(A) A change in the terminal pentapeptide from D-ala-D-
      ala to D-ala-D-lac

(B) A mutation in the penicillin-binding protein

(C) A mutation in the porin protein

(D) The acquisition of an efflux pump

  Answer:

  (A) A change in the terminal pentapeptide from D-ala-D-
        ala to D-ala-D-lac

 

Question:

A 47-year-old woman in India is becoming blind due to repeated infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. What is seen in the pus draining from her eyes and stained by immunofluorescence?

Options:

(A) Elementary bodies

(B) Inclusion bodies

(C) Negri bodies

(D) Gram-negative diplococcic

   Answer:


(A) Elementary bodies

 


Question:

A new rapid diagnostic test for strep throat was undergoing clinical trials. Among 500 culture-positive individuals with sore throat, 500 were positive by the test. Among 500 culture-negative individuals without sore throat, 200 were negative by the test. Describe the sensitivity and specificity of this test.

Options:

(A) High sensitivity; high specificity

(B) High sensitivity; low specificity

(C) Low sensitivity; high specificity

(D) Low sensitivity; low specificity

   Answer:


  (B) High sensitivity; low specificity

 

 

Question:

What is the basis of serotyping of the pathogen in the above question?

Options:

(A) Capsular antigens

(B) Cell wall antigens

(C) Flagellar antigens

(D) M antigens

   Answer:


(D) M antigens

 

Question:

A resident in his first week of outpatient clinic work prescribes erythromycin for the treatment of a urinary tract infection, presumably a simple caseof Escherichia coli. The attending physician countermands the resident’s order and prescribes TMP– SMZ. Why is the therapeutic choice by the attending more appropriate?

Options:

(A) Bacterial glycocalyx impedes the absorption of   
      erythromycin

(B) Erythromycin is likely to be inactivated by
      transpeptidases

(C) Macrolides are principally secreted in the feces

(D) Macrolides promote Candida overgrowth in
      women

   Answer:


(C) Macrolides are principally secreted in the feces

 dha exam

Question:

What are the virulence factors of the organism in the above question that enable it to adhere to and kill ciliated respiratory epithelial cells?

Options:

(A) Capsular polysaccharide and diphtheria toxin

(B) M protein and pneumolysin

(C) Pertactin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and tracheal
      cytotoxin

(D) P-pili and lecithinase

   Answer:


(C) Pertactin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and tracheal
      cytotoxin

 

DHA LICENSING PROCESS

Question:

A 35-year-old male became ill with watery diarrhea due to a bacterial infection while on a trip to South America. Which of the following is the key event that promotes the development of watery diarrhea?

Options:

(A) Decreased activity of adenylate cyclase

(B) Increase in the intestinal epithelial cell levels of cAMP

(C) Increase in the levels of intracellular chloride

(D) Movement of water from the intestinal lumen into the
      epithelial cells.

   Answer:


(B) Increase in the intestinal epithelial cell levels of cAMP

 

Question:

A 47-year-old male is diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. Treatment includes antibiotics for infection of the stomach with Helicobacter pylori. Which enzyme is secreted by this organism and enables it to survive in the acid environment of the stomach?

Options:

(A) Catalase

(B) Oxidase

(C) Protease

(D) Urease

   Answer:


  (D) Urease

 

Question:

A 3-year-old girl develops a wound infection on her hand following a cat bite. Culture of wound exudate on blood agar grew a Gram-negative coccobacillus that is a normal flora of the cat oropharynx. What is the most likely etiologic agent?

Options:

(A) Bacteroides fragilis

(B) Hemolytic Streptococcus

(C) Capnocytophaga canimorsus

(D) Pasteurella multocida

  Answer:

 

(D) Pasteurella multocida

 

Question:

An outbreak of pneumonic plague occurs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo killing over half of the affected individuals. How is this form of transmitted?

Options:

(A) Bite of infected flea

(B) Direct skin contact with bubos

(C) Ingestion of contaminated water

(D) Inhalation of aerosolized bacteria

  Answer:

 

(D) Inhalation of aerosolized bacteria


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